DONE: Leading Aircraftman Leonard Joseph Gray

When Leonard Joseph Gray (Leonard) was born on August 2, 1918, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, his father, Murray Joseph Gray (1895-?), was 23 and his mother, Phyllis (nee Gardiner) (1897-1984), was 20.

His military file contains confirmation that his birth record was viewed, but the record does not contain any information other than his name and date of birth. Library and Archives of Ontario advise that the registrations will be available for lookup in 2023.

Military Records of Leonard Gray (image via WWII Service Files of War Dead)

Leonard was a member of the Royal Canadian Air Force during WWII. He registered with the RCAF Manning Pool out of Toronto, Ontario, regimental #52560. His military records indicate that he completed four years of high school and was working as a wireless operator at the time he enlisted. Leonard was also a Boy Scout - he's on the Scout Association archive's Second World War Roll of Honour.

Military Service

Leonard's military file is on Ancestry's WWII Service Files for the War Dead (which are available to search for free).

 

 

 

Military Records of Leonard Gray (image via WWII Service Files of War Dead)

Death of Leading Aircraftman Leonard J. Gray

The records indicate that Leading Aircraftman (LAC) Leonard Joseph Gray was "killed in [an] aeroplane crash near Wheatland, Manitoba, while on a night navigation flight" on January 6, 1941. He was 21 years old. I have located several articles detailing his death, and the Archives of Ontario have provided me with a copy of the inquest that was performed as a result. The records indicate that Leonard was on a night training flight with First Officer Michael Desmond MacBrian and Sergeant Gordon James Lewis of Toronto, Sergeant Edward John Pink of Winnipeg, Sergeant and James Duncan Ross of Assiniboa (Saskatchewan).

An article in the Winnipeg Free Press dated January 7, 1941 suggests that after taking off from the Rivers Air School, the plane failed to gain altitude and crashed almost immediately in an adjacent farmer's field. Everyone on the plane was killed on impact. The bodies were badly burned, but neighbouring farmers were able to get them out of the wreckage. The fire brigade arrived within a few minutes but were unable to save the plane.

Winnipeg Free Press, January 7, 1941

Inquest - Crash of Avro Anson AC No. 6016 at Rivers Manitoba 

The photos that accompany the inquest play out what a horrific tragedy the accident was. A pile of wrecked metal, unrecognizable as a plane, is shown in a snow covered field.

Accident to Avro Anson AC No. 6016 on 6-1-40 at Rivers Manitoba (via Department of National Defence, Canada)

The results of the inquest suggest that the accident was preventable. After takeoff at 1905 hours, the aircraft immediately encountered low visibility at 100 feet due to an low lying and rapidly forming  fog bank that reduced the horizontal visibility to nil. The pilot, First Officer Michael Desmond MacBrian, kept on low altitude below the fog and fired a flare to indicate his intention to make an emergency landing. After encountering some buildings, the pilot pulled the craft into a steep climb to the right, pulling the plane into the fog. He became confused and was unable to recover from the climb. Less than a mile from the school the aircraft stalled, pulling the starboard wing to the ground and causing the aircraft to crash at great speed.

The inquest suggested that there were five reasons that in combination led to the crash. First, a cloud height indicator had been installed at the a building some distance from the hangar but had not been used that night. As well, weather reports which would normally be reviewed by the pilots were not received prior to take off. Third, it was known prior to take-off that the plane's instruments required for flying in low visibility were known to be unserviceable prior to take-off and the plane should not have been allowed to fly. Fourth, the pilot did not have enough experience to fly solely using the instruments and stayed below the fog to compensate. And finally, the officer at the school in charge that evening did not have the appropriate experience in night flying. A combination of all of these factors led to the deaths of five young men who had promising futures.

As a result of the inquest, changes were made to night flying procedures:

1. During weather conditions which might present risk of fog, the officer in charge should be required to check the cloud height indicator prior to a night flight, and at frequent intervals after take-off. 
2. Pilots had to be fully trained and ready to revert to instrument flying in the event of encountering low visibility after take-off.
3. All planes were required to have maintained and serviceable navigation instruments to allow flight in low visibility. 

Leonard's death is commemorated on page 31 of the Second World War Book of Remembrance and on the Canadian Virtual War Memorial.

Page 31, Book of Remembrance, Canadian Virtual War Memorial

At the time of his death, Leonard's mother was living at 860 Valleyway, Niagara Falls, Ontario, and his father was deceased. The Niagara Falls Library website suggests that house numbers changes in 1970 in Niagara Falls - "Most of the house number changes that occurred between 1969 and 1970 involved adding 4000 to the number - so 910 became 4910, 1482 became 5482." - which means that 860 Valleyway became 4860 Valleyway. There is no longer a residence at that address. Leonard is buried at Fairview Cemetery in Niagara Falls, Ontario at Lot 185, Section R, Grave 3.

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